Basic QS

Quantity Surveyor (QS) is a profession that is arguably the world's new construction in Indonesia, compared with a profusion of Architects, Planners Structural or Mechanical and Electrical Planner. QS profession is derived from the British mainland, which later developed throughout the world, especially to the Commonwealth countries (Commonwealth).

QS profession forerunner in the UK stems from events known as 'The Great Fire of London' in the 18th century, which at that time was a major fire in London that destroyed many buildings, both public buildings and private buildings. After the fire occurred and when the insurance companies want to pay compensation burning buildings, the company is facing difficulties in terms of assessing the compensation to be awarded. At that moment the usual build buildings Architects sought his help to make the estimated value of the building. Furthermore, with the increasing number of requests will be assessment of the building more and more architects who study these skills, expertise in building assessment. Even in the late 19th century, the architect is to form an organization of their own and begin creating a system of special education regarding the planning of the building costs, without involving matters related to technical issues of architecture. Educational outcomes are then developed and is known as the Quantity Surveying profession or commonly known as QS.

In further developments of this QS profession, in their home country, or be accommodated within an organization named 'Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors' (RICS). QS has a special division within the RICS and until now become the second largest division of General Practice (GP).

In Indonesia alone QS profession is entered at the beginning of the decade 70. At the beginning of its development is not any construction project using QS services in both the contracting parties as well as in the task giver. In harmony with the development of the construction industry in Indonesia, then in the decade of the 80 services QS is widely used in construction projects in Indonesia, especially in the private sector. QS services development is heavily influenced by the change of approach in completing the task giver or running projects. The task giver increasingly felt need to calculate the amount of investments that must be issued before the start of projects. This is because, in principle the task giver must take into account the expenditure-expenditure (al to obtain land costs, construction costs, licensing etc.) In order not to exceed the revenue to be derived from the construction project. If the total expenses plus a profit is smaller than the income that would be obtained then the project can be said to be commercially unfeasible. Another thing that makes the profession developed in this decade is to further understand the task giver will be the concept of 'Value for Money' in developing its projects. Consultancy services, moving the start diIndonesia As Davis Langdon, EC Harris and Korra.

In general, QS skills covering several areas, namely economic construction (construction economic), legal, project management, engineering and building volume measurement (in general, not the nature of planning). By prowess on these fields QS profession and then developed as part of a project organization structure. With the expertise of a QS to work for the client, contractors, government agencies or even as a Credit Analyse in financial institutions (Bank).

The traditional role of QS in the project are:

1. Planning and control of construction costs
2. Contract administration
3. Arbitration

QS general tasks in a project:

1. Pre-Development
• Feasibility Study (FS)
• Budgeting
• Cash Flow in & out
• Proposal Development
• Preliminary Cost
• Cost Plan
• Monitoring Cost plan for the development of design
2. Tender Process
• Calculation of Quantity & BQ
• Preparation of Tender Documents
• Aanwijzing
• Tender Evaluation
• Appointment of a tender winner
• SPK
3. Development
• Monitoring Budget
• Variation Order
• Calculation Progress Payments
• Payment Certificate
• Final Account

In connection with the current us a lot of contact with the tendering process and development, then in the first few occasions will be discussed in advance of the material.

But at the first opportunity, will be discussed on the basis of terminology QS, which is basically always used in the implementation of QS duties as follows:

Lump sum
Contract lump sum is fixed, binding contract value is Grand Summary (total value), a contract of this type are safe for the owner in determining the budget. BQ in this contract is only as a reference so that in the process of tendering contractor shall recalculate the whole picture and specifications and when there is a shortage of items that are not listed in BQ then be the responsibility of the contractor. Lump sum in the tender is required Drawings and specifications must be fixed and complete, to keep the non-occurrence of variation orders that resulted in the execution of uncontrolled costs. But the reality of what happened is sometimes quite difficult to prepare the data tendering fix and complete so that the QS role here is very urgent to combine the BQ in the form of a provisional or Prov sum with Lump Sum contract status.

Provisional quantities
Provisional quantities applied if the tender specifications are clear but the scope of work is not yet clear, so the quantity / volume can not be calculated precisely. In a lump sum contract BQ be allowed no meaningful provisional item quantity / volume will be calculated later (final account).

Provisional Sum
Provisional sum applied if the tender specifications and scope of work is not yet clear, so it provided a reserve fund by calculating an estimate of the work item. Provisional This sum will be recalculated at the end of work with real measurements performed at the site of the project, with a reference price refers to the price list of materials and wages (annex contract). In a lump sum contract BQ allowed no provisional sum items, but these conditions should be minimized.

Prime Cost Sum (Sum PC)
PC sum include the BQ, if there is an item of work done by the nominated sub-contractor, the sub-contractor appointed by the owner directly through the tender process or the appointment.

Prime Cost Rate
PC BQ if the rate applied in the material to be used has not been decided clearly so that the required value is the reference rate PC procurement prices of materials.

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